This chapter explores key elements of AI as relevant to intellectual property law. Understanding how artificial intelligence works is crucial for applying legal regimes to it. Legal practitioners, especially IP lawyers, need a deep understanding of AI’s technical nuances. Intellectual property doctrines aim to achieve practical ends, and their application to AI is highly fact-dependent. Patent law, for example, requires technical expertise in addition to legal knowledge. This chapter tracks the development of AI from simple programming to highly sophisticated learning algorithms. It emphasizes how AI is rapidly evolving and that many of these systems are already being widely adopted in society. AI is transforming fields like education, law, healthcare, and finance. While AI offers numerous benefits, it also raises concerns about bias and transparency, among numerous other ethical implications.