Published online by Cambridge University Press: 16 February 2021
We show that under the assumption of the existence of the canonical inner model with one Woodin cardinal $M_1$, there is a model of
$\mathsf {ZFC}$ in which
$\mbox {NS}_{\omega _{1}}$ is
$\aleph _2$-saturated and
${\Delta }_{1}$-definable with
$\omega _1$ as a parameter which answers a question of S. D. Friedman and L. Wu. We also show that starting from an arbitrary universe with a Woodin cardinal, there is a model with
$\mbox {NS}_{\omega _{1}}$ saturated and
${\Delta }_{1}$-definable with a ladder system
$\vec {C}$ and a full Suslin tree T as parameters. Both results rely on a new coding technique whose presentation is the main goal of this article .